On the agenda: Bridgewater Rules and Procedures Committee — Automated License Plate (Aug 26)

Town of Bridgewater
Rules and Procedure Committee
August 26, 2026
7:00 PM
The meeting will be held virtually via Zoom.
To attend via video, click on the link below:
https://us06web.zoom.us/j/85441095987

To attend via phone, dial: 1(646) 876-9923
Meeting ID: 854 4109 5987

MEETING AGENDA
Disclosure: Pursuant to Section 20 of Chapter 20 of the Acts of 2020, An Act Relative to Extending Certain
Covid-19 Measures Adopted During the State of Emergency, and the March 31, 2025, extension granted by
Chapter 22 of the Acts of 2022, this meeting for the Town of Bridgewater will be fully remote and accessible to
the public through remote participation to the greatest extent possible. No in-person attendance is permitted.
Citizens who wish to tune in to the meeting may do so via Zoom.
A.

Call to Order

B.

Approval of Meeting Minutes
a)

July 1, 2026 Meeting Minutes

C.

Public Comment

D.

Items Referred

E.

a)

Proposed General Ordinance D-FY27-003: An Ordinance Amending Part III of the
General Ordinances by Establishing a New Chapter Entitled "Municipal Surveillance
Technology"

b)

Ordinance D-FY27-004: Save Volunteer Services Program (Work-Off) Rules of
Eligibility & Administrative Policies & Procedures

c)

Proposed General Ordinance D-FY27-005: Chapter 220, Article V Water Impact
Studies and Town Council Notification

Old Business
a)

Proposed Ordinance D-FY26-013: Adopt Chapter 220, Article III – Water Supply Capacity and
Development Review

b)

Proposed Ordinance D-FY26-017: Amend Part II Administrative Code, Chapter 1, Article III,
Multiple Members Appointive Bodies

F.

Public Comment

G.

Adjournment of Meeting

Page 1 of 31

Town of Bridgewater
Rules and Procedure Committee Agenda
Wednesday, August 26, 2026

Page 2 of 31

Town of Bridgewater
Rules and Procedure Committee
July 1, 2026
6:00 PM
The meeting will be held virtually via Zoom.
To attend via video, click on the link below:
https://us06web.zoom.us/j/87872820405
To attend via phone, dial: 1(646) 876-9923
Meeting ID: 878 7282 0405

MEETING MINUTES
Call to Order
CouncilorKennedy called the Town Council Rules & Procedures Committee meeting to order at 6:09pm on
Wednesday, July 1, 2026. The meeting was held via Zoom.
Council Members Present:
Councilor Trocchio
Councilor Spagone
Councilor Kennedy
Public Comment - None
Items Referred
a)

Order O-FY26-078: Bridgewater Charter Review Committee
Councilor Kennedy read the Order into the record.
Councilor Spagone noted that the Order was straight forward, no issues.
Councilor Trocchio noted that it is important to set guidelines.
Councilor Kennedy noted that this is setting focus, keeping attention to the Charter, left up to the
committee with guidelines.
Councilor Spagone made a motion to recommend Order O-FY26-078, which was duly seconded by
Councilor Trocchio.
A roll-call vote was taken with the results as follows: McGrath – Yea; Linde – Yea; Kennedy – Yea.
Motion passed 3-0.

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Town of Bridgewater
Rules and Procedure Committee Agenda
Wednesday, July 1, 2026

b)

Proposed General Ordinance D-FY26-004: Amendment to Chapter 3, Article II, Section 1 - Business
Ethics and Conduct
Councilor Kennedy noted that the intent was to edit because it was dated, ethics training has changed,
department heads have changed and union department heads cannot be included. Also added a few
that were not previously in there.
Councilor Spagone noted that we need a clear cut, straight forward process for ethics training.
Councilor Trocchio asked if the Town can require an employee to do ethics training during their onboarding.
Councilor Kennedy that this gives them 7 days to complete.
Councilor Spagone noted that in order to keep the job, the employee would need to complete within
the first few days. Also noted that if the employee has taken the ethics training because of a previous
job or on a committee, they can just add the new town.
Councilor Kennedy noted that this is to update and Town Clerk is responsible for keeping track.
Councilor Spagone made a motion to recommend Proposed Ordinance D-FY26-004, which was duly
seconded by Councilor Trocchio.
A roll-call vote was taken with the results as follows: McGrath – Yea; Linde – Yea; Kennedy – Yea.
Motion passed 3-0.

c)

Proposed Ordinance D-FY26-013: Adopt Chapter 220, Article III – Water Supply Capacity and
Development Review
Councilor Kennedy noted that this was held back because there was questions on the document and
the State had a problem because of MBTA. Need more clarification – looking at doing admin code
change.
Councilor Spagone noted it provides better guidelines and standards going forward. Work on together
and add some of the language from her previous one submitted.
Councilor Kennedy noted that he is hesitant to move forward because of MBTA.
Councilor Spagone asked if Councilor Kennedy has spoken with anyone from EOAC as she finds it
concerning that they have not been receptive. Councilor Kennedy noted that the Town Manager has
spoken with them and it is a larger issue, undefined level of autonomy.
Councilor Trocchio believes it is a conflict on how things are being interpreted.
Councilor Spagone made a motion to retain Proposed Ordinance D-FY26-013 in Rules & Procedures
Committee, which was duly seconded by Councilor Trocchio.

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Town of Bridgewater
Rules and Procedure Committee Agenda
Wednesday, July 1, 2026

A roll-call vote was taken with the results as follows: McGrath – Yea; Linde – Yea; Kennedy – Yea.
Motion passed 3-0.
d)

Proposed Ordinance D-FY26-017: Amend Part II Administrative Code, Chapter 1, Article III,
Multiple Members Appointive Bodies
Councilor Kennedy noted that Councilor McGrath sponsored this to change the terms of certain
boards, committees and commissions.
Councilor Linde through the Town Council Clerk noted that the MGL notes that the Planning
Department must be 5 years.
Councilor Spagone looked up the MGL information and found MGL Chapter 41, Section 81A notes
that it is between 3 and 5.
Councilor Trocchio asked what was driving the change and Councilor Kennedy noted that he believes
she was lining up all the years to be 3 in accordance with the Town Manager.
Councilor Spagone questioned the change of Finance Committee as it is supposed to be three by
Town Council, three by Town Clerk and three by Town Manager. Also asked about Affordable
Housing Trust.
Councilor Trocchio noted that he would like a better explanation why, does not understand if it’s
because it needs to be in-line with the Town Manager. He would like to retain the Ordinance at Rules
& Procedures and invite Councilor McGrath to discuss further.
Councilor Spagone noted that she is also in agreement, would like more background on Section 14.
Councilor Spagone made a motion to retain Proposed Ordinance D-FY26-017, in Rules &
Procedures, which was duly seconded by Councilor Trocchio.
A roll-call vote was taken with the results as follows: McGrath – Yea; Linde – Yea; Kennedy – No.
Motion passed 2-1.

Public Comment
• Councilor Linde noted that most Planning Boards are 5 year terms and we should ask the Town
Attorney to see if that can even change. Finance Committee should also stay the same.
Adjournment of Meeting
Councilor Spagone made a motion to adjourn, which was duly seconded by Councilor Trocchio.
A roll-call vote was taken with the results as follows: McGrath – Yea; Linde – Yea; Kennedy – Yea.
Motion passed 3-0.
Meeting adjourned at 6:53pm.

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Bridgewater Town Council

Introduced By:
Date Introduced:
First Reading:
Second Reading:
Amendments Adopted:
Third Reading:
Date Adopted:
Date Effective:

Sean Kennedy, Councilor
8/11/2026
8/11/2026

Proposed General Ordinance D-FY27-003: An Ordinance Amending Part III of the General
Ordinances by Establishing a New Chapter Entitled "Municipal Surveillance Technology"
ORDERED that the Town Council of the Town of Bridgewater, Massachusetts in Town Council
assembled vote to amend Part III of the General Ordinances of the Town of Bridgewater by inserting
a new Chapter ___, entitled "Municipal Surveillance Technology," containing Article I, entitled
"Automated License Plate Reader Systems," as in the attached.
Explanation:
This ordinance prohibits the Town of Bridgewater from acquiring, installing, operating, or directly
accessing Flock Safety cameras or any other automated license plate reader system. It applies
regardless of whether the technology is obtained through a purchase, grant, donation, free trial, private
funding, vendor arrangement, regional network, or another public or private entity.
ALPR systems automatically collect vehicle images, plate numbers, locations, dates, times, and travel
information and convert those observations into searchable records. A single observation on a public road
may reveal little, but combining records from many cameras and communities can create a detailed
history of a vehicle’s movements. These records are generally collected without notice or meaningful
individual choice and are maintained through privately operated technology platforms whose access,
retention, sharing, and expanding capabilities depend on vendor systems, agency settings, contracts, and
applicable law.
Emerging technologies demonstrate how quickly license plate surveillance can expand beyond identifying
vehicles. Systems such as Leonardo’s ELSAG SignalTrace are being developed to associate license
plate records with signals from phones, smartwatches, fitness trackers, and other electronic devices
traveling inside a vehicle. As these capabilities continue to develop faster than legislative safeguards and
public oversight, this ordinance pauses Town participation in ALPR systems. The Town may reconsider
the issue in the future if the technology, applicable law, and available protections provide a clearer and
more accountable framework for municipal use, including reliable safeguards against the transfer,
retention, or aggregation of locally collected data in privately operated databases or broader data-sharing
networks.

NOT FOR ACTION - FIRST READING
VOICE VOTE TO REFER TO RULES & PROCEDURES
Page 6 of 31

The ordinance preserves the Police Department’s ability to receive and review specific information
lawfully provided in connection with a particular incident or investigation. Implementation is assigned to
the Town Manager or the Town Manager’s designee.

Committee Referrals and Dispositions:
Referral(s)

Disposition(s)

• Town Council

• 8/11/26: Referred ot Rules & Procedures

•

•

•

•

Attachments:

1.
2.

D-FY27-003 Attachment Memorandum
D-FY27-003 Attachment

NOT FOR ACTION - FIRST READING
VOICE VOTE TO REFER TO RULES & PROCEDURES
Page 7 of 31

MEMORANDUM
Supporting Memorandum: Automated License Plate Reader Systems

This memorandum provides additional background supporting the proposed ordinance. It is intended as
legislative background and is not part of the codified ordinance.
Privately operated, government-searchable movement records
Automated license plate reader systems collect vehicle images, plate numbers, locations, dates, times, vehicle
characteristics, and travel information and convert those observations into searchable records. The records
are collected automatically as vehicles pass roadside cameras, generally without notice or meaningful
individual choice. Participating agencies may search or receive alerts through privately operated platforms
whose access, retention, sharing, and integrations depend on vendor systems, agency settings, contracts, and
applicable law.
Aggregation changes the nature of observation
A single vehicle sighting on a public road may reveal little. The policy concern arises when many
observations are retained, searched, and combined across time and across multiple cameras or communities.
That aggregation can create a detailed account of a vehicle’s movements and associations that would be
difficult to reproduce through ordinary human observation.
Local retention does not necessarily control copies elsewhere
A short local retention period may reduce the amount of data kept directly under Town control, but it may
not determine whether duplicate records have been shared with or retained by a vendor, another agency, or a
broader network. The practical effect of a deletion policy therefore depends on how the system is configured,
where records are stored, what sharing has occurred, and which legal or evidentiary obligations apply.
Routine database access differs from incident-specific police work
The ordinance distinguishes routine or automated access to a searchable ALPR system from traditional,
incident-specific police work. It preserves manual plate checks and the receipt and review of particular
information or images lawfully provided in connection with a specific incident, traffic stop, investigation, or
call for service.
Developing legal and policy framework
The legal and policy standards governing large-scale location information, privately maintained databases,
interagency access, retention, and automated surveillance continue to develop. The ordinance reflects a
legislative policy choice to discontinue Town participation while those standards and safeguards remain
unsettled. The Town Council may reconsider the issue in the future if applicable law, technical controls,
contractual protections, and public oversight provide a clearer and more accountable framework for
municipal use.

1

Page 8 of 31

PART III GENERAL ORDINANCES
CHAPTER ___ MUNICIPAL SURVEILLANCE TECHNOLOGY
ARTICLE I AUTOMATED LICENSE PLATE READER SYSTEMS
§ ___-1. Purpose.
The purpose of this article is to prohibit the acquisition, operation, access, and use by or on behalf of the
Town of automated license plate reader systems and data obtained through such systems.
§ ___-2. Definitions.
As used in this article:
ALPR DATA. Any license plate number, vehicle image or description, location, date, time, direction of
travel, alert, search result, or associated metadata collected, generated, received, or derived through an ALPR
System.
AUTOMATED LICENSE PLATE READER SYSTEM or ALPR SYSTEM. A camera or sensor,
together with associated software, databases, networks, or services, that automatically captures an image of a
license plate or vehicle, converts or analyzes the image, and records the observation with its date, time,
location, or other travel information. The term includes systems and services offered by Flock Safety and any
substantially similar or successor technology.
§ ___-3. Prohibited activities.
The Town may not, directly or through another person or entity:
A. Purchase, lease, accept, install, operate, maintain, test, or use an ALPR System;
B. Apply for, accept, or expend any grant, donation, forfeiture proceeds, private funding, free trial,
equipment loan, or other funding or assistance for an ALPR System;
C. Enter into, renew, extend, expand, or replace any contract, subscription, license, memorandum of
understanding, data-sharing agreement, or other arrangement involving an ALPR System or ALPR Data;
D. Request or arrange for another person or entity to undertake an activity prohibited by this section.
This section applies regardless of the source of funding, ownership or location of the equipment, or whether
the equipment, service, or data is provided without charge.
§ ___-4. Existing systems and agreements.
A. No prior grant acceptance, procurement action, authorization, or agreement authorizes continued Town
use of an ALPR System after the effective date of this article, except to the extent determined by the
Town Manager or the Town Manager’s designee to be necessary to satisfy or lawfully conclude a
binding legal or contractual obligation.
B. No agreement involving an ALPR System or ALPR Data may be renewed, extended, expanded, or
replaced with a substantially similar system or service.
C. The Town Manager or the Town Manager’s designee must take all legally and contractually permissible
actions to:
1. Discontinue Town operation, access, and use of each ALPR System;
2. Deactivate or remove equipment installed for or on behalf of the Town;
3. Prevent further collection of ALPR Data for or on behalf of the Town; and
4. Terminate, or provide notice of nonrenewal of, any related agreement at the earliest legally
permissible time.
D. The Town Manager or the Town Manager’s designee must request deletion of ALPR Data collected for or
on behalf of the Town and, when reasonably available, obtain confirmation of deletion, except where
retention is required by law, court order, records-retention requirement, litigation hold, or evidentiary
obligation.
§ ___-5. Exceptions.
This article does not prohibit:

1

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A. The manual observation, recording, or checking of a license plate in connection with a specific incident,
traffic stop, investigation, or call for service;
B. Receipt and review of specific information lawfully provided in connection with a particular incident or
investigation;
C. Review of a particular photograph or recording lawfully obtained in connection with a specific incident.
D. The use of body-worn cameras, provided that footage from such cameras is not subjected to automated
license plate recognition or used to create ALPR Data; or
E. Conduct expressly required by state or federal law or by order of a court of competent jurisdiction.
Nothing in this section authorizes routine or automated access to an ALPR System, network, or database.
§ ___-6. Administration.
The Town Manager or the Town Manager’s designee must administer this article.
Section 2. Implementation report. Within 45 days after the effective date of this ordinance, the Town
Manager or the Town Manager’s designee must submit a report to the Town Council identifying:
A. Each ALPR System currently possessed, operated, or accessible by the Town;
B. Any related grant, contract, subscription, or data-sharing agreement;
C. The status of discontinuation, termination, nonrenewal, removal, and data deletion;
D. Any legal or contractual impediment to complete discontinuation; and
E. The anticipated date of termination or expiration of any agreement that cannot immediately be concluded.
Section 3. Severability. If any provision of this ordinance or its application is held invalid, the remaining
provisions and applications are not affected.
Section 4. Effective date. This ordinance takes effect in accordance with the Bridgewater Home Rule
Charter.

2

Page 10 of 31

EXPLANATION
This ordinance prohibits the Town of Bridgewater from acquiring, installing, operating, or directly accessing
Flock Safety cameras or any other automated license plate reader system. It applies regardless of whether the
technology is obtained through a purchase, grant, donation, free trial, private funding, vendor arrangement,
regional network, or another public or private entity.
ALPR systems automatically collect vehicle images, plate numbers, locations, dates, times, and travel
information and convert those observations into searchable records. A single observation on a public road
may reveal little, but combining records from many cameras and communities can create a detailed history of
a vehicle’s movements. These records are generally collected without notice or meaningful individual choice
and are maintained through privately operated technology platforms whose access, retention, sharing, and
expanding capabilities depend on vendor systems, agency settings, contracts, and applicable law.
Emerging technologies demonstrate how quickly license plate surveillance can expand beyond identifying
vehicles. Systems such as Leonardo’s ELSAG SignalTrace are being developed to associate license plate
records with signals from phones, smartwatches, fitness trackers, and other electronic devices traveling
inside a vehicle. As these capabilities continue to develop faster than legislative safeguards and public
oversight, this ordinance pauses Town participation in ALPR systems. The Town may reconsider the issue in
the future if the technology, applicable law, and available protections provide a clearer and more accountable
framework for municipal use, including reliable safeguards against the transfer, retention, or aggregation of
locally collected data in privately operated databases or broader data-sharing networks.
The ordinance preserves the Police Department’s ability to receive and review specific information lawfully
provided in connection with a particular incident or investigation. Implementation is assigned to the Town
Manager or the Town Manager’s designee.

3

Page 11 of 31

MEMORANDUM
Supporting Memorandum: Automated License Plate Reader Systems

This memorandum provides additional background supporting the proposed ordinance. It is intended as
legislative background and is not part of the codified ordinance.
Privately operated, government-searchable movement records
Automated license plate reader systems collect vehicle images, plate numbers, locations, dates, times, vehicle
characteristics, and travel information and convert those observations into searchable records. The records
are collected automatically as vehicles pass roadside cameras, generally without notice or meaningful
individual choice. Participating agencies may search or receive alerts through privately operated platforms
whose access, retention, sharing, and integrations depend on vendor systems, agency settings, contracts, and
applicable law.
Aggregation changes the nature of observation
A single vehicle sighting on a public road may reveal little. The policy concern arises when many
observations are retained, searched, and combined across time and across multiple cameras or communities.
That aggregation can create a detailed account of a vehicle’s movements and associations that would be
difficult to reproduce through ordinary human observation.
Local retention does not necessarily control copies elsewhere
A short local retention period may reduce the amount of data kept directly under Town control, but it may
not determine whether duplicate records have been shared with or retained by a vendor, another agency, or a
broader network. The practical effect of a deletion policy therefore depends on how the system is configured,
where records are stored, what sharing has occurred, and which legal or evidentiary obligations apply.
Routine database access differs from incident-specific police work
The ordinance distinguishes routine or automated access to a searchable ALPR system from traditional,
incident-specific police work. It preserves manual plate checks and the receipt and review of particular
information or images lawfully provided in connection with a specific incident, traffic stop, investigation, or
call for service.
Developing legal and policy framework
The legal and policy standards governing large-scale location information, privately maintained databases,
interagency access, retention, and automated surveillance continue to develop. The ordinance reflects a
legislative policy choice to discontinue Town participation while those standards and safeguards remain
unsettled. The Town Council may reconsider the issue in the future if applicable law, technical controls,
contractual protections, and public oversight provide a clearer and more accountable framework for
municipal use.

4

Page 12 of 31

Bridgewater Town Council

Introduced By:
Date Introduced:
First Reading:
Second Reading:
Amendments Adopted:
Third Reading:
Date Adopted:
Date Effective:

Kevin Perry, Councilor
8/11/2026
8/11/2026

Ordinance D-FY27-004: Save Volunteer Services Program (Work-Off) Rules of Eligibility &
Administrative Policies & Procedures
WHEREAS, the Senior Volunteer Services Program pursuant to MGL c. 59, Sec. 5K (the “Program”) provides
a mechanism to allow senior resident in a Massachusetts municipality, to volunteer services to the municipality
in exchange for a reduction of the assessed real property tax obligations applicable to the domicile of the
veteran (or spouse, if applicable), subject to a maximum reduction not to exceed $2,000 for any single tax
period; and
WHEREAS the Program allows an approved representative to provide such services on behalf of and in
place of a senior physically unable to offer such services to the municipality.
NOW, THEREFORE, be it ordained that the Town Council of the Town of Bridgewater duly assembled,
vote the acceptance of Massachusetts General Laws, Chapter 59, Section5K, local rules of eligibility and
Administrative Policies & Procedures as follows, all such provisions to be deemed effective and applicable
to assessed real property taxes commencing in fiscal year 2027. All Mass General Laws shall supersede
any local program rules.
A. Rules of Eligibility:
1. The hourly rate at which the tax reduction is to be computed; is the minimum wage of the
commonwealth;
2. January 1 will be the effective date a volunteer must meet the ownership, domicile, age or any other
eligibility criteria or must be the assessed owner of the property or over 60 years of age at the time the
work is performed;
3. The volunteer needs to be domiciled on their property for 5 years to qualify;
4. SAVE work done will not impede or replace town employees’ duties or responsibilities;
5. A volunteer can't exceed three consecutive years of work unless no other applicant can perform such
duties needed to fulfil the town's needs;

NOT FOR ACTION - FIRST READING
VOICE VOTE TO REFER TO BUDGET & FINANCE AND FINANCE COMMITTEE
Page 13 of 31

6. An approved representative may provide services on behalf of and in place of a senior physically unable
to offer such services to the municipality as voted at town meeting on 11/8/2010;
7. If there are more qualified applicants for participation in the Program than the Town has budgeted for or
has a need for in any particular year, priority shall be given to applicants in the order of experience
unless otherwise noted
8. The number of volunteers depends on the annual budget determined by the Chief Assessor with
consultation of the Finance Director and Town Manager;
9. Types of work performed will be determined by the Department Heads of such volunteers.
10. if the Town Council votes to approve current employees to be eligible for either SAVE program then all
criteria must be met per the conditions set by the Town.

B. Administrative Policies and Procedures
1. Per the Bridgewater Massachusetts Town Code; and
2. The towns standard operating procedure for S.A.V.E. and Veterans Abatement Programs; and
3. Additionally, the SAVE Committee shall by vote adopt any further rules that are not inconsistent with the
foregoing, and which are consistent with the intent of MGL c. 59, Section 5K to aid in the administration of this
Ordinance.
Explanation:
This ordinance shall ensure the program shall be the most beneficial to the town and participants of this
program and ensure fairness to eligible participants while providing a valuable source of volunteer labor to the
Town of Bridgewater and a beneficial reduction in the volunteer's tax bill.
Committee Referrals and Dispositions:
Referral(s)

Disposition(s)

• Town Council

• 8/11/26: Referred to Rules & Procedures

•

•

•

•

Attachments:

None

NOT FOR ACTION - FIRST READING
VOICE VOTE TO REFER TO BUDGET & FINANCE AND FINANCE COMMITTEE
Page 14 of 31

Bridgewater Town Council

Introduced By:
Date Introduced:
First Reading:
Second Reading:
Amendments Adopted:
Third Reading:
Date Adopted:
Date Effective:

Sean Kennedy, Councilor
Mary McGrath, Councilor
8/11/2026
8/11/2026

Proposed General Ordinance D-FY27-005: Chapter 220, Article V Water Impact Studies and
Town Council Notification
ORDERED: That Part III of the Bridgewater Town Code, General Ordinances, Chapter 220, Water and Sewer,
is amended by adding the following Article V:
Section 1. Purpose, Administration, and Scope
This Article establishes Water Impact Study requirements for development that may create significant demand
upon Bridgewater's municipal water system and requires timely informational notice to the Town Council.
The Town Manager or designee is responsible for administering this Article.
Nothing in this Article changes zoning, alters the authority or statutory deadlines of a permitting board or
municipal official, or transfers permitting, administrative, or technical authority to the Town Council.
For development proceeding under M.G.L. c. 40B, §§ 20 through 23, this Article applies only to the extent its
requirements have not been superseded, waived, or incorporated into the comprehensive-permit process.
Section 2. Definitions and Demand Calculations
Full Development means the entire proposed development at reasonably foreseeable buildout, including
related lots, buildings, phases, uses, ownership entities, and applications.
Title 5 Design Flow means the applicable design-flow calculation established under 310 CMR 15.203.
Water Impact Study or WIS means a technical study evaluating projected daily water demand and the
anticipated effect of a development on the Town's water supply, treatment, pumping, storage, pressure,
transmission, and distribution systems.
Residential demand must be calculated using the applicable Title 5 design flow.
Commercial, industrial, hotel, motel, restaurant, and other nonresidential demand must be calculated using the
maximum applicable Title 5 design flow. Hotel and motel calculations must use guest-room count, and
NOT FOR ACTION - FIRST READING
VOICE VOTE TO REFER TO RULES & PROCEDURES
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restaurant calculations must use maximum authorized seating. Separate or accessory uses must be included
when Title 5 assigns them additional design flow.
For mixed-use development, each component must be calculated separately under Title 5 and combined to
determine the projected demand of the Full Development. When a final bedroom count has not been
established, the Town Manager or designee may determine the maximum reasonably possible bedroom count
from the floor area, layout, occupancy, and development plans.
Section 3. Developments Requiring a Water Impact Study
A Water Impact Study is required for:
A. New residential development containing two or more dwelling units;
B. A subdivision, resubdivision, phased subdivision, or coordinated residential development containing more
than five cumulative homes;
C. Residential development containing or proposing 15 or more cumulative bedrooms;
D. Commercial or industrial development, including the nonresidential portion of a mixed-use development
will be considered to have a projected daily demand equal to or greater than 75 gallons per day per 1,000
square feet; and
E. An expansion, conversion, change of use, amendment, additional phase, or redevelopment that causes a
development to meet a threshold in this Section or increases demand beyond the amount evaluated in a
prior WIS.
Water-service pipe size does not independently determine whether a WIS is required.
Section 4. Referrals, Exemptions, and Cumulative Review
A. Zoning Board of Appeals and Planning Board referrals
After an application has been filed, the Zoning Board of Appeals or Planning Board must refer it to the Town
Manager or designee when the requested waiver, variance, special permit, subdivision approval, amendment, or
other relief may increase the number of units, homes, lots, bedrooms, guest rooms, restaurant seats, commercial
floor area, occupancy, or projected water demand.
Within ten business days after referral, the Town Manager or designee must issue a written determination
stating whether a WIS is required and identifying the applicable threshold. The determination must be provided
to the referring board, applicant, and property owner.
A referral does not affect the application's filing date or completeness, extend a statutory deadline, or alter the
referring board's authority. When a board must act before a required WIS is completed, the WIS may remain a
condition of final municipal water-service authorization to the extent permitted by law.
B. Residential exemptions
A WIS is not required solely because of:
1. The creation of one lawful accessory dwelling unit; or
2. An addition, alteration, renovation, reconstruction, repair, or other improvement to an existing one-family
or two-family property,
provided that the work does not otherwise meet a threshold in Section 3.
The exemption does not apply when the work is part of a related, phased, expanded, resubdivided, or
coordinated development.
C. Cumulative and phased development

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Related plans, applications, parcels, buildings, phases, uses, or ownership entities must be considered together
when they have common or related ownership or control, share infrastructure, involve coordinated permitting
or construction, or form part of a common or reasonably foreseeable development plan.
Development must not be divided, phased, transferred, or presented through separate applications for the
purpose or effect of avoiding this Article. All thresholds and demand calculations must include the Full
Development.
D. Previously approved subdivisions
A previously approved subdivision is not automatically subject to a WIS solely because construction continues
within the scope of its existing approval.
A later amendment, expansion, resubdivision, or additional phase is subject to this Article when the cumulative
development exceeds five homes or otherwise meets a threshold in Section 3.
A WIS required under this subsection must evaluate the Full Development but does not, by itself, reopen or
modify an existing approval. Development of an individual lot does not independently trigger a WIS when no
expansion, resubdivision, or additional phase is proposed.
Section 5. Water Impact Study Requirements
The applicant is responsible for preparing and submitting a required WIS. The Town Manager or designee may
require that the study or a technical component be prepared or certified by a qualified professional.
A WIS must, at minimum, evaluate:
A. Projected daily water demand, expressed in gallons per day, with the applicable Title 5 calculations and
supporting assumptions;
B. Existing water pressure and the anticipated effect of the Full Development on available pressure, using a
pressure test, hydraulic analysis, or other appropriate technical evaluation;
C. The Full Development and all related phases at reasonably foreseeable buildout;
D. Anticipated effects on supply, treatment, pumping, storage, transmission, distribution, pressure, fire flow,
and infrastructure; and
E. Any proposed demand limitation, infrastructure improvement, phasing condition, operational restriction, or
other mitigation.
These are minimum requirements. The Town Manager or designee may require additional information, testing,
calculations, modeling, or analysis reasonably necessary to evaluate the development's effect on the municipal
water system.
The Town Manager or designee may establish written forms, technical standards, and administrative
procedures consistent with this Article. Generally applicable standards must be publicly available and applied
consistently to similarly situated developments.
A required WIS must be completed before final municipal authorization for water service associated with the
development, to the extent that the authorization remains within the Town's lawful authority.
Section 6. Town Council Notification
A municipal office, department, or board receiving a WIS must forward the study and date of receipt to the
Town Manager or designee without unnecessary delay.
Within five business days after receipt, the Town Manager or designee must transmit the WIS, as received, to
the Council Clerk. The transmission must include available information identifying the property, applicant,
owner, project, applicable development measurements, projected daily demand, date received, and review
status. Missing information does not postpone transmission.
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Within two business days after receipt, the Council Clerk must distribute the materials electronically to every
member of the Town Council.
Within five business days after a final written administrative disposition is issued, the Town Manager or
designee must transmit the disposition and any material final technical analysis, demand limitation,
infrastructure requirement, mitigation measure, or phasing condition to the Council Clerk. The Council Clerk
must distribute the materials to every member of the Council within two business days.
The same notification process applies to a material amendment, withdrawal, expiration, suspension, or
revocation of the final disposition.
Notification under this Section is informational only. Distribution does not constitute approval or a finding that
the WIS is complete, sufficient, or accurate. No action by the Town Council is required as part of the WIS or
associated permitting process.
Section 7. Existing Developments and Transitional Review
A development approved before the effective date of this Article is not automatically required to obtain a WIS
solely because approved work remains incomplete or under construction.
A new application, expansion, subdivision amendment, resubdivision, additional phase, change of use, or other
material modification submitted after the effective date remains subject to this Article.
For 90 days after the effective date, the Town Manager or designee may review an unfinished development
approved before the effective date that would have met a threshold in Section 3.
A WIS may be required through transitional review only when:
A. The Town retains lawful authority over a pending or continuing water-service authorization or otherwise
retains authority to require additional water-system information;
B. Written findings identify a potential material impact on the municipal water system based on the remaining
development, projected demand, pressure impact, and remaining buildout;
C. The owner and applicant receive written notice and at least ten business days to respond; and
D. Town Counsel confirms in writing that the Town retains lawful authority to require the WIS and that the
requirement does not unlawfully impair vested rights or conflict with an existing approval or applicable
law.
A transitional designation must be issued within the 90-day period. It does not reopen or modify an existing
land-use approval and may be used only in connection with a matter over which the Town retains lawful
authority.
Sections 5 and 6 apply to a WIS required through transitional review.
Explanation:
This ordinance addresses a serious transparency and planning gap involving major development and
Bridgewater's municipal water system.
Significant projects have previously advanced without a Water Impact Study or a clear explanation of why one
was not required. Where studies were completed, no formal process existed to ensure that the Town Council
received timely information about the development, anticipated water demand, study findings, or final
administrative disposition.
The ordinance replaces water-service pipe size as the primary threshold with measurable development
standards. A WIS is required for residential development involving two or more units, subdivisions containing
more than five homes, residential development containing 15 or more bedrooms, and commercial or industrial
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development exceeding a single projected-demand threshold. Projected demand is calculated using the
applicable Title 5 standards.
Every WIS must evaluate projected daily demand, water pressure, full buildout, anticipated system impacts,
and proposed mitigation. Related phases and applications must be evaluated together so a project cannot be
divided to avoid review. Applications before the Zoning Board of Appeals or Planning Board that may increase
water demand must also be referred for evaluation.
Completed studies and final administrative dispositions must be provided to the Town Council for
informational purposes. The ordinance does not change zoning or transfer permitting or technical authority to
the Council. The Town Manager or designee continues to administer the WIS process, while the Council
receives the information needed for legislative oversight, budgeting, infrastructure planning, water policy, and
public accountability.

Committee Referrals and Dispositions:
Referral(s)

Disposition(s)

• Town Council

• 8/11/26: Referred to Rules & Procedures

•

•

•

•

Attachments:

None

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Bridgewater Town Council

Introduced By:
Date Introduced:
First Reading:
Second Reading:
Amendments Adopted:
Third Reading:
Date Adopted:
Date Effective:

Sean Kennedy, Councilor
Johnny Loreti, Councilor
3/17/2026
3/17/2026

Proposed Ordinance D-FY26-013: Adopt Chapter 220, Article III – Water Supply Capacity and
Development Review
WHEREAS, the Town of Bridgewater is authorized pursuant to the police powers granted under
Massachusetts General Laws Chapter 40, §21 et seq., and its authority to manage, protect, and regulate
municipal water systems, to adopt ordinances necessary to protect the public health, safety, and welfare; and
WHEREAS, the Town of Bridgewater operates a public water supply system subject to operational, seasonal,
and regulatory constraints, including but not limited to source availability, treatment capacity, distribution
limitations, and emergency conditions; and
WHEREAS, the availability of potable water supply is a fundamental prerequisite to public health, fire
protection, emergency response, and the safe occupancy of buildings and structures; and
WHEREAS, periods of reduced water system capacity may arise due to infrastructure maintenance, source
impairment, regulatory compliance requirements, drought conditions, or other operational factors beyond the
Town’s immediate control; and
WHEREAS, it is necessary and appropriate for the Town to ensure that new development and intensified uses
do not exceed the Firm Capacity of the municipal water system; and
WHEREAS, the Town has a compelling interest in reserving sufficient water system capacity to meet fire
protection and emergency response demands required under applicable fire code authority, including for
industrial and warehouse uses; and
WHEREAS, the regulation of water supply capacity is distinct from land use regulation and zoning, and
applies neutrally and uniformly to all development regardless of use, location, or zoning district; and
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WHEREAS, nothing in this Ordinance is intended to prohibit development, but rather to ensure that
development proceeds in a manner consistent with available infrastructure and public safety requirements; and
WHEREAS, the Town Council finds that requiring case-specific water availability determinations supported
by written findings prepared by qualified municipal officials is a reasonable, narrowly tailored, and legally
defensible means of protecting the Town’s water supply and public safety; and
WHEREAS, the Town Council further finds that establishing clear administrative standards for water capacity
review will promote consistency, transparency, and predictability in permitting decisions while preserving
flexibility to respond to changing system conditions;
NOW THEREFORE, the Town Council of Bridgewater, Massachusetts, in Town Council assembled, hereby
adopts Chapter 220, Article III – Water Supply Capacity and Development Review, as set forth on the attached.
Explanation of Proposed Ordinance
The proposed ordinance establishes a formal process for evaluating whether the Town’s water system has
sufficient capacity to support new development and increased water demand.
The Town’s public water system operates under a variety of physical and regulatory constraints, including
source capacity, treatment limits, distribution infrastructure, and state regulatory requirements. Periods of
reduced capacity may occur due to infrastructure maintenance, regulatory compliance requirements, drought
conditions, or emergency system conditions.
The purpose of this ordinance is to ensure that new development proceeds only when the municipal water
system has sufficient reliable capacity to safely support that development without compromising public health,
fire protection, or emergency response.
The ordinance establishes a process known as a Water Availability Determination (WAD). This determination
evaluates whether the Town’s water system has sufficient Firm Capacity to serve the projected demand
associated with a proposed project.
Firm Capacity is defined using a standard engineering approach used by public water systems. It represents
the amount of water the system can reliably provide when the largest supply source is unavailable for service.
This ensures that the system remains capable of meeting demand even during equipment failure or maintenance
conditions.
For projects that may significantly increase water demand, the ordinance requires a 2-Dimensional Water
Supply Impact Study. This study evaluates the projected water demand associated with the project and
compares that demand to the Town’s available water supply capacity.
The ordinance also ensures that water capacity necessary for fire protection and emergency response is
reserved and cannot be consumed by new development. This protects the Town’s ability to meet required fire
flow standards for industrial, commercial, and residential buildings.
The ordinance does not prohibit development. Instead, it ensures that development proceeds in a manner
consistent with available infrastructure. Where water capacity is limited, projects may still proceed if the
applicant reduces demand, phases development, or provides permanent infrastructure improvements.
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The ordinance is administered by the Town Manager as the chief administrative officer of the Town, with
technical determinations prepared through the Department of Public Works and the Water Superintendent.
The ordinance applies uniformly to all development town-wide and does not alter zoning regulations or land
use approvals. It establishes an infrastructure capacity review process intended to protect public safety and
ensure responsible long-term management of the Town’s water system.
Committee Referrals and Dispositions:
Referral(s)

Disposition(s)

• Town Council

• 3/17/26: Referred to Rules & Procedures

• Rules & Procedures

• 4/3/26: Voted to continue to next meeting.
• 7/1/26: Voted to continue to next meeting.

•

•

Attachments:

1.

Water Supply Capacity and Development Order Attachment

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Chapter 220.
Article III.
Water Supply Capacity and Development Review

**Section 1.
Purpose**
The purpose of this Article is to ensure that new development and intensified uses do not exceed
the Town’s available water supply capacity, impair public health and safety.

**Section 2.
Applicability**
A Water Availability Determination (“WAD”) shall be required prior to the issuance by the
Town of any written permission, permit, or authorization to connect to, activate, expand, or
modify service from the municipal water system (a “Municipal Water Service Authorization”)
for any project that:
(a) creates a new water service connection; or
(b) increases the size of an existing service connection; or
(c) materially increases potable water demand, as determined pursuant to administratively
adopted demand calculation standards.
For projects that require municipal water service for occupancy, the Building Commissioner may
require proof of an issued WAD as part of the building permit application submission materials.
Such determination shall apply to:
a) all new construction that requires a new water service connection; and
b) any addition, alteration, or change of use that materially increases water demand; with the
exception of Accessory Dwelling Units (ADUs) as provided herein.
This Article shall apply town-wide and to all uses, regardless of zoning district.

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**Section 3.
Definitions**
For purposes of this Article, the following terms shall have the meanings indicated:
Application
A complete written submission for a WAD on forms and with contents established by the Town
Manager or designee, including demand calculations, plans, and supporting documentation.
Water Availability Determination (WAD)
A written administrative determination issued under this Article stating whether Firm Capacity
exists to reliably serve the project’s projected demand, subject to any terms applicable to
Municipal Water Service Authorization.
Municipal Water Service Authorization
Any written permission, permit, approval, or authorization issued by the Town to connect to,
activate, expand, or modify service from the municipal water system, including permission to
make a connection, issuance of a service permit, or authorization to activate service.
Non-Permanent Capacity
Any water supply, treatment, storage, or interconnection capacity that is emergency, provisional,
interim, mobile, rental, short-term contractual, not fully permitted/authorized for sustained
municipal use, or otherwise not reasonably reliable for long-term planning purposes.
Average Day Demand (ADD)
The projected average daily potable water demand attributable to a proposed project, expressed
in gallons per day (GPD).
Firm Capacity
Firm Capacity shall mean the maximum reliable potable water supply that the municipal water
system can provide when the largest individual water supply source is unavailable for service.
Firm Capacity shall be calculated as the reliable operational capacity of all permanent water
supply sources currently in service, including wells and treatment facilities, subject to applicable
regulatory limits, minus the maximum operational yield of the largest individual water supply
source.

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The inputs used in calculating Firm Capacity shall reflect the actual operational condition of the
municipal water system at the time an application subject to this Article is deemed complete,
including:
a. the operational capacity of wells, treatment facilities, and other permanent sources of supply
currently in service;
b. applicable regulatory limits governing the water system, including water withdrawal permits
issued by the Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection;
c. known operational constraints affecting the water system at the time of determination; and
d. the reservation of sufficient system capacity necessary to maintain adequate fire protection and
emergency response capability.
2-Dimensional Water Supply Impact Study (2D Study)
A study that quantifies projected Average Day Demand attributable to a proposed project and
compares such demand to the Town’s Firm Capacity at the time of application.

**Section 4.
2-Dimensional Water Supply Impact Study Requirement**
A 2-Dimensional Water Supply Impact Study shall be required for any project that meets any of
the following criteria:
a) Any proposed new water service connection greater than one (1) inch in diameter, or any
increase of an existing service connection to a size greater than one (1) inch;
b) Any project creating four (4) or more additional dwelling units, including multifamily
buildings, townhouses, subdivisions, or cumulative residential development under common
ownership or control;
c) Any project projected based on Massachusetts Title 5 (310 CMR 15.000) demand calculation
standards to increase Average Day Demand by five thousand (5,000) gallons per day or more; or
d) Any project below the foregoing thresholds where, based on written findings the Water
Superintendent, determines that site-specific conditions indicate a material risk to water supply
reliability.
e.) The Town Manager or designee may require independent peer review of a 2D Study or
related technical submittals when reasonably necessary due to project size, potential impacts, or
complexity. Consultant review fees, if imposed, shall be assessed and administered in
accordance with M.G.L. c. 44, §53G and any rules adopted thereunder. Fixed administrative fees

Page 25 of 31

for WAD processing, if any, shall be established pursuant to M.G.L. c. 40, §22F and applicable
local vote.

**Section 5.
Capacity Determination Standard**
No approval subject to this Article shall be issued unless the Town Manager or designee,
determines that Firm Capacity exists to reliably serve the proposed demand, accounting for
current system conditions, operational limitations, requires reserves and applicable restrictions,
at the time of application and anticipated occupancy.
All capacity determinations required under this Article shall be supported by written findings
prepared in accordance with administratively adopted procedures approved by the Town
Manager or Designee.
No WAD Application shall be deemed complete, and no Municipal Water Service Authorization
subject to this Article shall be issued, unless and until a WAD is issued in accordance with this
Article

**Section 6.
Seasonal and Restricted Conditions**
Capacity determinations shall be based on the most restrictive predictable operating condition,
including seasonal peak demand periods and recurring water use restrictions. Average annual
conditions shall not be relied upon where they do not reflect known periods of system stress.

**Section 7.
Temporary or Emergency Capacity**
(A) General Rule.
Non-Permanent Capacity shall not be included as Firm Capacity for purposes of approving
permanent or long-term increases in water demand.
(B) Written-Findings Exception.

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Capacity that would otherwise be classified as Non-Permanent Capacity may be included in
Firm Capacity only upon written findings by the Town Manager or designee that such capacity
is:
(1) legally authorized and fully permitted/approved for sustained municipal use as required;
(2) reasonably reliable for long-term planning purposes; and
(3) not merely an emergency, provisional, or short-term measure.
(C) Limit on Scope of Conditions.
Nothing in this Section authorizes the Town Council to issue conditional land-use approvals.
Any time limits or conditions pursuant to this Section shall attach only to Municipal Water
Service Authorization and/or to the WAD itself.

**Section 8.
Fire Protection and Emergency Reserve Capacity**
In determining Firm Capacity the Town Manager or designee shall reserve sufficient system
capacity to meet the maximum fire-flow and emergency response demands required under
applicable fire code authority, including but not limited to industrial and warehouse uses. Such
reserved capacity shall not be considered available for new or intensified development.
The determination of such reserved capacity shall account for required fire-flow rates, duration,
storage availability, delivery capability, and simultaneous system demands, and shall be
evaluated based on current system conditions.
The Town Manager or designee shall consult with the Fire Chief or the Fire Chief’s designee for
the purpose of establishing baseline fire protection and emergency response assumptions
applicable to capacity determinations under this Article. Such consultation shall be documented
in writing and may be relied upon for subsequent capacity determinations unless material
changes in system conditions, land use, or applicable fire code requirements occur.
Individual project-specific consultation may not be required where the capacity determination is
consistent with the established baseline assumptions. The absence of additional consultation shall
not invalidate a capacity determination otherwise supported by written findings.

**Section 9.
Relation to Other Reviews**

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This Article establishes a water supply capacity determination only and does not replace or
supersede requirements for fire protection, fire flow, hydrant spacing, residual pressure,
distribution system design, or other life-safety or technical reviews required under applicable
codes, regulations, or permitting processes, which shall be reviewed separately under applicable
fire code authority.

**Section 10.
Mitigation and Phasing**
Where capacity is constrained A WAD may be issued only upon a showing, supported by the 2D
Study and written findings, that projected demand will be reduced, or that permanent
infrastructure improvements or enforceable phasing of Municipal Water Service Authorization
will ensure that Firm Capacity is not exceeded.

**Section 11.
Enforcement**
Failure to comply with this Article shall constitute grounds for denial, suspension, or revocation
of any permit or approval issued by the Town.
Administration and Delegation
This Article shall be administered by the Town Manager as the Town’s chief administrative
officer pursuant to the Bridgewater Home Rule Charter, including Article IV, §4-2(2) and §42(21). The Town Manager may delegate technical review and issuance of Water Availability
Determinations to qualified municipal officials or consultants retained by the Town; actions
taken under such delegation shall be deemed acts of the Town Manager.

**Section 12.
Severability**
If any provision of this Article is held invalid, such invalidity shall not affect the remaining
provisions, which shall remain in full force and effect.

Page 28 of 31

Bridgewater Town Council

Introduced By:
Date Introduced:
First Reading:
Second Reading:
Amendments Adopted:
Third Reading:
Date Adopted:
Date Effective:

Mary McGrath, Councilor
6/16/2026
6/16/2026

Proposed Ordinance D-FY26-017: Amend Part II Administrative Code, Chapter 1, Article III, Multiple
Members Appointive Bodies
WHEREAS, In accordance with the provisions of the Bridgewater Home Rule Charter relative to amendments
to the Administrative Code, it is therefore;
Ordered that; the Town Council of the Town of Bridgewater, Massachusetts in Town Council assembled vote
to amend the Bridgewater Administrative Code, Part II, Chapter 1, Article III, Multiple Members Appointive
Bodies as follows:
Section 2 Affordable Housing Trust
Pursuant to MGL c. 44 section 55c, the Town Manger as chief executive officer, or his designee, shall be an ex
officio Trustee. The remaining Trustee shall be appointed by Town Manager for staggered three two year
term.
Section 3 Agricultural Commission
There shall be an Agricultural Commission consisting of three members, appointed by the Town Manager
for three-year term.
Section 4 Board of Assessors
There shall be a Board of Assessors consisting of three members, appointed by the Town Manager for threeyear term.
Section 5 Cable Advisory Committee
There shall be a Cable Advisory Committee consisting of three members, appointed by the Town Manager
for three-year term.
Section 8 Conant Trust Fund Committee
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There shall be a Conant Trust Fund Committee consisting of five members, appointed by the Town
Manager. Members will serve three five year staggered terms.
Section 10 Disability Commission
There shall be a Disabilities Commission consisting of five members, appointed by Town Manager for threeyear term.
Section 11A Diversity, Equity, Inclusion and belonging (DEI&B) Committee
There shall be a Diversity, Equity, Inclusion and Belonging (DEI&B) Committee consisting of at least five
members and no more than nine members, appointed by the Town Manager for three-year term.
Section13 Energy Committee
There shall be an Energy Committee consisting of three members appointed by the Town Manager for threeyear term.
Section 14 Financial Committee
There shall be a Financial Committee, consisting of nine members appointed by the Town Manager for
three-year term.
Section 15 Board of Health
There shall be a Board of Health consisting of three regular members, on whom shall be a physician or
healthcare professional appointed by the Town Manager for three-year term.
Section 17 Historical Commission
There shall be a Historical Commission consisting of five regular members and two alternate members
appointed by the Town Manager for three-year term.
Section 18 Housing Authority
Members shall serve for three five year term.
Section 19 Housing Partnership Committee
There shall be a Housing Partnership Committee to be composed of five members, to serve for three-year
term.
Section 23 Planning Board
The Town Manager shall appoint Planning Board members for terms of three five (5) years
Section 26A Tree Committee
There shall be a Tree Committee consisting of seven members serving for three-year term.
Explanation:
All committees, commissions and boards shall be for a three-year term, with the exception of the Cultural
Council. In Section 10 Cultural Council, it states; Members shall not be appointed to more than two
consecutive terms in accordance with MGL C. 10 Section 58. Also, some Committees, Commissions and
Boards did not state that the Town Manager appoints the members.

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Committee Referrals and Dispositions:
Referral(s)

Disposition(s)

• Town Council

• 6/16/26: Voted to refer to Rules &
Procedures

• Rules & Procedures

• 7/1/26: Voted to retain at Rules & Procedures

•

•

Attachments:

None

NOT FOR ACTION - FIRST READING
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